Characterization of Fusarium udum isolates by physiological race typing
Abstract
Seven pigeonpea varieties obtained from and recommended by International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics were used as differentials in order to determine the possible existence of races of F. udum in Kenya. Twenty-one isolates were used for inoculation in a glasshouse experiment. Fusarium wilt incidence was significantly different (P = 0.05) among the F. udum isolates and pigeonpea varieties, with a mean of 24.9% wilt at six weeks after root-dip inoculation. Pathogenic variability was observed among the isolates. The 21 isolates fitted in 11 F. udum physiologic races. The distinct races with a frequency of two or more isolates were races 0, 16, 24, 48 and 56. Race 0 was dominant with percent frequency of 23.8%, followed by races 48 and 56 with 14.3% each. By performing a pairwise similarity among the 11 races, two distinct groups of physiologic races could be identified. Race 0 had 0% similarity with the other races. The remaining 10 races could be linked to each other at a similarity of over 65%. Therefore race 0 appeared to be independent while the other 10 races could be closely related. The present study has confirmed the possible existence of physiologic races of F. udum. Breeding pigeonpea varieties for resistance to Fusarium wilt should take into account the existence of pathotype groups of F. udum.
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