Activity of Extractives from Albizia anthelmintica Brongu and Teclea trichocarpa Engl. as Biorational Alternatives to Control the Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais)
Keywords:
brine shrimp, Albizia anthelmintica, Teclea trichocarpa, adulticidal activity, cytotoxicity, maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamaisAbstract
Organic solvent extractives and isolated compounds of two Kenyan plants Albizia anthelmintica and Teclea trichocarpa were evaluated for insecticidal activity against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motchulsky, and for brine shrimp lethality. Hexane extract of the leaves of Teclea trichocarpa displayed mild brine shrimp toxicity (LD50 =153.2 g/ml), while the other extracts showed no significant toxicity (LD50 240 g/ml). Both hexane and dichloromethane extracts of leaves of Teclea trichocarpa showed the highest mean percentage adulticidal activity at almost all doses. Threeacridone alkaloids melicopicine 1, normelicopicine 2, arborinine 3 and the furoquinoline, skimmianine 4 were isolated from Teclea trichocarpa and had previously been reported from the other Teclea species were noted to have low mortality of between 10% and 22% at 0.1% w/w of the compounds against Sitophylus zeamais. The other metabolites were the two terpenoids, βsitosterol 5 which showed higher activity (12.5±2.5) than -amyrin 6. The results are discussed with regard to the use of the two plants as suitable and sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticide in maize grain storage.
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